Contents for RealSystem iQ Production Guide

	RealSystem iQ Production Guide
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\| Help Page \| \| Copyright \|
\| Sample Files \|
\| Clip Alignment \|
\| About This Document \|
\| Javascript Version \|

Documentation Release Note

Introduction
    What This Guide Covers
    How to Download This Guide to Your Computer
    How this Guide Is Organized
    Conventions Used in this Guide
    Additional RealSystem Resources
    Technical Support

1 New Features
    RealONE Player Introduced
    SMIL 2.0 Support
    New Clip Tag Attributes
    Expanded Grouping Possibilities
    Enhanced Layout Choices
    More Timing Possibilities
    New Linking Attributes
    Clip Transition Effects
    SMIL Animations
    Powerful Content Control Capabilities
    Additions and Deletions to this Guide

2 Presentation Planning
    Step 1: Decide How to Deliver Clips
       RealServer Streaming
          Using RealServer through an Internet Service Provider
       Web Server Downloading
       Local Playback
    Step 2: Choose Clip Types and Gather Tools
       Audio and Video
          Audio and Video Production Tools
          RealAudio and RealVideo Encoding Tools
       SMIL
       Animation
       Images
          Images in SMIL Presentations
          RealSlideshow Presentations
          RealPix Markup
       Text
       Autoupdate Feature
          Compatibility with Earlier Versions of RealPlayer
          Protection of Copyrighted Content
    Step 3: Develop a Bandwidth Strategy
       Buffering
          Initial Buffering (Preroll)
          Rebuffering
       Audience Bandwidth Targets
          Multiclip Presentations
          Streaming at Less than the Maximum Speed
       Clip Bandwidth Characteristics
          RealAudio and RealVideo
          Flash
          RealText and SMIL
          RealPix (Slideshows)
          Images in SMIL Presentations
       Reaching Multiple Audiences
          SureStream RealAudio and RealVideo
          Switching Between Multiple Clips with SMIL
    Step 4: Organize the Presentation Timeline
       Timeline Considerations
          Clips with Internal Timelines
          Clips with Variable Timelines
          SMIL Timing Commands
       Timelines for Multiclip Presentations
       Timeline Management
    Step 5: Create Your Clips

3 Audio Production
    Understanding RealAudio
       Bandwidth and Audio Quality
       RealAudio Bandwidth Characteristics
       RealAudio Codecs
          Voice Codecs
          Mono Music Codecs
          Stereo Music Codecs
          RealAudio 8 Stereo Music Codecs
          Older RealAudio Codecs
       Steps for Streaming RealAudio
    Capturing Audio
       Source Media
       Recording Equipment
       Shielded Cables
       Input Levels
       Volume Levels for Live Broadcasts
       Sampling Rates
    Optimizing Audio
       DC Offset
       Normalization
       Dynamics Compression
       Equalization
    Encoding RealAudio with RealProducer
       RealAudio in Multiclip Presentations
       Audio Compatibility with RealPlayer 5

4 Video Production
    Understanding RealVideo
       RealVideo Bandwidth Characteristics
       RealVideo Frame Rates
       RealVideo Clarity
       RealVideo Dimensions
          Different Clip Dimensions for Different Bandwidths
       RealVideo Codecs
          RealVideo 8 Codec
          RealVideo G2 Codecs
          RealVideo Standard Codec
       Scalable Video Technology
       Steps for Streaming RealVideo
    Recording Video
       Source Media Quality
       Video Staging
       Scene Changes and Movement
       Colors and Lighting
    Digitizing Video
       S-Video Output
       Color Depth
       Digitized Video Formats
       Video Capture Frame Rates
       Video Capture Screen Sizes
       Computer Speed and Disk Space
       Video Source File Size Limit
    Encoding RealVideo with RealProducer
       RealVideo Streaming Speeds
       Video Compatibility with RealPlayer 5
       RealVideo Filters
          Noise Filters
          Resizing Filters
          Inverse-Telecine Filter
          De-Interlace Filter
       RealVideo Options
          Variable Bit Rate Encoding
          Two-Pass Encoding
          Loss Protection

5 Flash Animation
    Understanding Flash
       RealSystem Software Versions for Flash
       Flash Bandwidth Characteristics
       Flash Clip Size
       Flash CPU Use
    Adding Audio to Flash
       Bandwidth Division Between Flash and RealAudio
          Targeting 28.8 Kbps Modems
          Targeting 56 Kbps Modems
          Targeting Both 28.8 and 56 Kbps Modems
       Tips for Choosing RealAudio Codecs
    Using Interactive Flash Commands
       Flash Clip Timeline Commands
       RealONE Player Commands
          Seeking Into a Presentation
          Playing, Pausing, or Stopping a Presentation
          Popping Up New Media Windows
       Go To Commands
       Load Movie Commands
          Timeline Slider Activity with Multiple Clips
          Using SMIL Instead of Load Movie
       Secure Transactions
       Mouse Events
    Streaming a Flash Clip

6 RealText Markup
 Understanding RealText
 RealText Language Support
 Structure of a RealText Clip
 Rules for RealText Markup
 RealText Bandwidth
 RealText in a SMIL Presentation
 RealText Broadcast Application
 Setting RealText Window Attributes
 Specifying the Window Type
 Window Type Default Values
 Setting the Window Size and Color
 Creating a Transparent Window Background
 RealText Window Size and SMIL Region Size
 Setting the Clip Duration
 RealText Durations and SMIL Durations
 Tips for Setting RealText Clip Durations
 Adding a Version Number
 Specifying Hyperlink Appearance
 Controlling Text Flow
 Setting a Scroll Rate or a Crawl Rate
 Wrapping Text to New Lines
 Looping Text
 Ignoring Extra Spaces
 Timing and Positioning Text
 Controlling When Text Appears and Disappears
 Using an End Time
 Tips for Using <time/> Tags
 Clearing Text from the Window
 Positioning Text in a Window
 Aligning Text in a Tickertape Window
 Ensuring Text Delivery
 Specifying Languages, Fonts, and Text Colors
 Specifying the Character Set
 us-ascii
 iso-8859-1
 mac-roman
 x-sjis
 gb2312
 big5
 iso-2022-kr
 Setting the Font
 English and European Language Fonts
 Asian Language Fonts
 Setting the Text Size
 Controlling Text Colors
 Setting Text Letter Colors
 Creating Text Background Colors
 Specifying RealText Color Values
 Using Transparency as a Color
 Controlling Text Layout and Appearance
 Adding Space Between Text Blocks
 ...
 
 Centering Text
 Preformatting Text
 Using HTML-Compatible Tags
 <ol>...</ol>
 <ul>...</ul>
 <li>...</li>
 <hr/>
 Emphasizing Text
 ...
 ...
 <s>...</s>
 ...
 Creating Links and Issuing Commands
 Creating a Mail Link
 Opening a URL in RealONE Player or a Browser
 Example 1: Opening a URL in RealONE Player
 Example 2: Opening a URL in a Web Browser
 Example 3: Opening a URL in the Form protocol:path
 Issuing RealONE Player Commands
 Seeking Into a Presentation
 Pausing a Presentation
 Resuming Playback
 Using Coded Characters
 Using Coded Characters with the mac-roman Character Set
 RealText Examples
 Generic Window
 Tickertape Window
 Scrolling News Window
 Teleprompter Window

7 SMIL Basics
    Understanding SMIL
       Advantages of Using SMIL
       SMIL 1.0 and SMIL 2.0
       SMIL 2.0 Modules
       SMIL 2.0 Profiles
       Interoperability Between SMIL-Based Players
          SMIL Version
          SMIL Profile
          Clip Support
          Media Player Launch Methods
    Creating a SMIL File
       The SMIL 2.0 Tag and Namespace
       Header and Body Sections
       Tags, Attributes, and Values
       Binary and Unary Tags
          Changing a Unary Tag to a Binary Tag
       SMIL Recommendations
       SMIL Tag ID Values
    Using Customized SMIL Attributes
       RealNetworks Extensions Namespace
       A Closer Look at Namespaces
          Why does SMIL use namespaces?
          Why are prefixes used?
          Why are prefixes user-definable?
       Tips for Defining Namespaces
    Viewing SMIL Source Markup
    Playback Differences from SMIL 1.0
       Behavioral Changes
       Updating SMIL 1.0 Files to SMIL 2.0

8 Clip Source Tags
    Creating Clip Source Tags
       Adding a Clip ID
       Setting a Clip's Streaming Speed
          Using the bitrate Parameter
          Ensuring Reliable Clip Transmission
       Creating a Brush Object
       Using a Ram File as a Source
       Using a SMIL File as a Source
          Handling Layouts
          Using Timing Attributes
    Writing Clip Source URLs
       Linking to Local Clips
          Creating Relative Links to Other Directories
          Writing Absolute Links
       Creating a Base URL
       Linking to Clips on RealServer
       Linking to Clips on a Web Server
       Caching Clips on RealONE Player
          Using the CHTTP Caching Protocol
          Controlling the RealONE Player Cache
    Modifying Clip Colors
       Adjusting Clip Transparency and Opacity
          Adding Transparency to All Opaque Colors
          Adjusting Transparency in a Clip's Background Color
       Substituting Transparency for a Specific Color
          Selecting a Color to Render Transparent
          Using Partial Transparency
          Expanding the Transparency Range
       Substituting a Color for Transparency

9 Presentation Information
    Understanding Presentation Information
       Information Encoded in Clips
       Clip Source Tag and Group Information
       SMIL Presentation Information
       Accessibility Information
       RealONE Player Context Window
       Coded Characters
    Adding Clip and Group Information
       Tips for Defining Clip Information
    Defining Information for the SMIL Presentation
       Managing Presentation Information
    Adding Accessibility Information
       Including an Alternate Clip Description
       Using a Long Description
       Setting the Clip Read Order

10 Groups
 Understanding Groups
 Groups Within Groups
 Playing Clips in Sequence
 Creating Sequences Without <seq> Tags
 Tips for Creating Sequences
 Playing Clips in Parallel
 Tips for Creating Parallel Groups
 Synchronizing Playback in Parallel Groups
 Creating an Independent Timeline
 Setting the Synchronization Behavior
 Synchronizing Clips
 Synchronizing Groups
 Specifying Synchronization Behavior Default Values
 Setting Groups to Inherit Synchronization Defaults
 Nested Group Interactions with Synchronization Behaviors
 Loosening the Synchronization for Locked Elements
 Specifying Synchronization Tolerance Default Values
 Tips for Synchronizing Clips
 Creating an Exclusive Group
 Defining Interactive Begin Times
 Using Clip Interruption
 Modifying Clip Interruption Behavior
 Controlling How Peers Interact
 Setting Interactions with Higher Priority Classes
 Setting Interactions with Lower Priority Classes
 Specifying How Paused Clips Display
 Tips for Defining Exclusive Groups and Priority Classes

11 Layout
 Understanding Layouts
 Root-Layout Area
 Playback Regions
 Subregions
 Secondary Media Windows
 Secondary Pop-up Windows Versus Hyperlinked Pop-up Windows
 Clip Position and Fit
 Clip Position
 Clip Fit
 Tips for Laying Out Presentations
 How big should I make the root-layout area?
 Should my presentation use secondary media windows?
 How many regions should I create?
 Should I define subregions?
 Should I create registration points?
 Can I use subregions instead of registration points to position clips?
 Layout Tag Summary
 Creating Main and Secondary Media Windows
 Defining the Main Media Window
 Creating Secondary Media Windows
 Controlling When Secondary Media Windows Open and Close
 Tips for Defining Secondary Media Windows
 Changing Resize Behavior
 Defining Playback Regions
 Setting Region IDs and Names
 Defining Region Sizes and Positions
 Layout Example 1: Region Width and Height
 Layout Example 2: Four Region Offsets
 Layout Example 3: Region Sizes and Two Offsets
 Layout Example 4: Two Offsets
 Layout Example 5: Single Offsets for Two Regions
 Layout Example 6: Overlapping Regions
 Tips for Defining Region Sizes and Offsets
 Assigning Clips to Regions
 Stacking Regions That Overlap
 Tips for Defining z-index Values
 Adding Background Colors
 Setting When Background Colors Appear
 Making a Region Partially Transparent
 Transparency in Regions and Clips
 Changing the Region Color Through a Clip Source Tag
 Controlling Audio Volume in a Region
 Defining Subregions
 Tips for Defining Subregions
 Defining Single-Use Subregions
 Creating Registration Points
 Using Alignment Values
 Defining Registration Points in Clip Source Tags
 Avoiding Problems When Defining Registration Points
 Using Common Registration Point Values in Clip Source Tags
 Creating a Reusable Registration Point
 Positioning the Registration Point
 Assigning a Registration Point to Clips
 Using Common Values in <regPoint/> Tags
 Tips for Defining <regPoint/> Tags
 Defining How Clips Fit Regions
 fit Attribute Values
 Overriding a Region's fit Attribute
 Tips for Defining the fit Attribute
 Layout Examples
 Centering a Video on a Background
 Displaying a Letterbox Clip
 Turning Down an Audio Clip's Volume
 Playing Three Clips Side-by-Side
 Placing a Clip in a Secondary Media Window
 Playing the Same Clip in Multiple Regions

12 Basic Timing
    Understanding Basic Timing
       Groups Create the Timing Superstructure
       Timing is Relative to Groups
       Timing Attributes Covered in this Chapter
    Specifying Time Values
       Using Shorthand Time Values
       Using the Normal Play Time Format
    Setting Begin and End Times
       Using a Begin Time with a Clip
       Using an End Time with a Clip
       Using Begin and End Times with Groups
    Setting Internal Clip Begin and End Times
       Combining clipBegin and clipEnd with begin and end
    Setting Durations
       Choosing end or dur
       Setting a Duration for the Length of Media Playback
       Using an Indefinite Duration
       Tips for Setting Durations
    Ending a Group on a Specific Clip
       Stopping the Group After the Last Clip Finishes
       Stopping the Group After the First Clip Finishes
       Stopping the Group When a Specific Clip Finishes
       Tips for Using endsync Attributes
    Repeating an Element
       Repeating an Element a Certain Number of Times
       Repeating an Element a Specific Amount of Time
       Specifying the Length of Each Repeating Cycle
       Setting a Total Playback Time
       Looping Playback Indefinitely
       Stopping a Clip's Encoded Repetitions
       Managing Bandwidth with Repeating Clips
          Leaving Bandwidth Available for Repeating Cycles
          RealServer Streams Used with Repeating Clips
       Tips for Repeating Elements
    Setting a Fill
       Using an Automatic Fill
       Setting a Fill with Sequential Clips
       Setting a Fill in Parallel Groups
       Setting a Fill in Exclusive Groups
       Displaying a Clip Throughout a Presentation
       Summary of Common Clip fill Values
       Setting a Group Fill
       Tips for Setting a Fill
    Specifying a Default Fill
       Adding a Default Fill to a Group
       Inheriting a Default Fill from a Containing Group

13 Advanced Timing
    Understanding Advanced Timing
       Advanced Timing Syntax
       Event Types
       Positive Offset Times
          Interactive Events with Positive Offset Times
          Scheduled Events with Positive Offset Times
       Negative Offset Times
          Simple Negative Offset Times
          Interactive Events with Negative Offset Times
          Scheduled Events with Negative Offset Times
       Multiple Timing Values
          Tips for Specifying Multiple Time Values
    Defining an Element Start or Stop Event
       Sample Values
       Example
    Defining a Repeat Event
       Sample Values
       Example
    Defining a Mouse Event
       Sample Values
       Example
    Defining a Keyboard Event
       Sample Values
       Example
       Tips for Defining Keyboard Events
    Defining a Secondary Window Event
       Sample Values
       Example
    Using Media Markers
    Coordinating Clips to an External Clock
    Setting Minimum and Maximum Times
    Controlling Whether an Element Restarts
       Setting a Default Restart Value
          Nested Group Interactions with Restart Values

14 Hyperlinks
 Understanding Hyperlinks
 Links to HTML Pages
 Links to Streaming Media
 Linked Pop-Up Windows vs. Secondary Pop-Up Windows
 Hyperlinks vs. Exclusive Groups
 Methods of Activating a Link
 General Tips for Creating Hypertext Tags
 Creating a Simple Link
 Using the <area/> Tag
 Creating a Timed Link
 Defining Hot Spots
 Choosing Percentages or Pixels for Hot Spots
 Creating a Rectangular Hot Spot
 Defining a Circular Hot Spot
 Making a Polygonal Hot Spot
 Tips for Defining Hot Spots
 Defining Basic Hyperlink Properties
 Specifying the Link URL
 Leaving Out a URL Reference for Hot Spots
 Opening a Link on a Keystroke
 Tips for Defining Access Keys
 Opening a URL Automatically
 Displaying Alternate Link Text
 Setting a Tab Index for Multiple Links
 Linking to HTML Pages
 Selecting a Browsing Window
 Targeting the Main Browsing Window
 Using the Viewer's Default Browser
 Opening HTML Pages in the Context Window
 Setting the Context Window Size
 Tips for Using the Context Window
 Targeting a Frame or Named Window
 Controlling the Media Playback State
 Tips for Opening HTML Page Links
 Linking to Streaming Media
 Replacing the Source Presentation
 Opening a New Media Window with SMIL
 Targeting a Specific Window or Region
 Tips for Opening Streaming Media in New Windows
 Linking to a SMIL Fragment
 Linking to a Clip with a Timeline Offset
 Tips for Linking to SMIL Fragments
 Adjusting Audio Volumes in Linked Presentations
 Opening a New Media Window Through RealText or Flash
 Window Names
 Target URL
 Zoom Level
 Examples
 Tips for Opening Media Windows with RealText or Flash
 Hyperlink Examples
 Displaying a Web Page when a Presentation Ends
 Opening Web Pages During a Presentation

16 Animations
    Understanding Animations
       Animation Tags
       Animation Tag Placement
          In a Clip Source Tag
          In a Parallel Group
          In a Sequence
       SMIL Timing with Animations
       Simultaneous Animations
    Creating Basic Animations
       Selecting the Element and Attribute to Animate
          Animating Window Attributes
          Animating Region Attributes
          Animating Clip Attributes
          Animating Hot Spot Attributes
       Defining Simple Animation Values
          Animating an Attribute to a Certain Point
          Animating an Attribute by a Certain Value
          Tips for Defining Simple Animation Values
       Defining a Range of Animation Values
          Tips for Defining a Values List
    Controlling How an Animation Flows
       Jumping from Value to Value
       Moving Linearly from Point to Point
       Flowing at an Even Pace
    Creating Additive and Cumulative Animations
       Adding Animation Values to a Base Value
       Making Animations Repeat and Grow
    Using the Specialized Animation Tags
       Animating Colors
       Creating Horizontal and Vertical Motion
       Setting an Attribute Value
    Manipulating Animation Timing

17 Switching
 Understanding Switching
 Creating a Switch Group
 Adding a Default Option to a Switch Group
 Using Inline Switching
 Choosing Inline Switching or a Switch Group
 Available Test Attributes
 Tips for Writing Switch Groups
 Switching Between Language Choices
 Setting Language Codes
 Providing Subtitles or Overdubbing
 Switching Between Bandwidth Choices
 Switching with SureStream Clips
 Enhancing Presentation Accessibility
 Switching Based on the Viewer's Computer
 Switching for CPU Type
 Switching for Operating System
 Switching for Monitor Size or Color Depth
 Specifying a Monitor Size
 Specifying a Color Depth
 Switch Group Examples
 Switching with Multiple Attributes
 Example 1: Multiple Test Attributes
 Example 2: Nested <switch> Groups
 Switching for Different Video Sizes
 Displaying System Captions Using RealText
 Example 1: Using a Transparent RealText Overlay
 Example 2: Creating a Captions Region
 Example 3: Resizing the Media Window for Captions

18 Prefetching
 Understanding Prefetching
 Using the <prefetch/> Tag
 Managing Prefetch Bandwidth
 Specifying Prefetch Bandwidth in Bits Per Second
 Specifying Prefetch Bandwidth as a Percentage
 Controlling Prefetch Data Download Size
 Prefetching a Specific Amount of Data
 Prefetching a Specific Length of a Clip's Timeline
 Tips for Prefetching Data
 RealAudio and RealVideo Prefetching
 Prefetch URLs
 SMIL Timing with Prefetching
 Prefetch Testing
 Prefetching Examples
 Displaying an Image Until Prefetching Completes
 Prefetching and Caching an Image

19 Web Page Embedding
 Understanding Web Page Embedding
 <EMBED> Tags
 <EMBED> Tag Syntax
 Layout Possibilities
 Defining a Layout with SMIL and HTML
 Defining a Layout with HTML Alone
 RealONE Player Controls
 Javascript and ActiveX
 Using <EMBED> Tags
 Specifying the Source
 Developing Your Presentation
 Delivering Your Presentation
 Using RealServer's Ramgen to Eliminate the Ram File
 Setting the Width and Height
 Turning off the Java Virtual Machine
 Supporting Other Browsers
 Adding RealONE Player Controls
 Basic Controls
 Individual Controls and Sliders
 Information Panels
 Status Panels
 Linking Multiple Controls
 Tips for Using Consoles
 Multiple Controls Example
 Controlling Image Display
 Setting a Background Color
 Centering a Clip
 Maintaining a Clip's Aspect Ratio
 Suppressing the Real Logo
 Setting Automatic Playback
 Starting a Presentation Automatically
 Looping a Presentation Continuously
 Specifying a Number of Loops
 Setting Shuffle Play
 Laying Out SMIL Presentations
 Defining the Layout with SMIL
 Defining the Layout with HTML

20 Presentation Delivery
    Understanding Linking and URLs
       The Ram File
          How a Ram File Works
          The Ram File for Embedded Presentations
          The Ramgen Alternative to Ram Files
       The Difference Between RTSP and HTTP
          Which URLs Use Which Protocol
       Web Server MIME Types
    Placing Clips on a Server
       Understanding Directory Paths and URLs
       Copying Clips to a Server
    Launching RealONE Player with a Ram File
       Writing a Ram File
       Setting a Presentation's Starting Mode
          Tips for Setting a Starting Size
       Adding Comments to a Ram File
       Examples of Linking a Web Page to Clips
          Linking to a Single Clip
          Linking to an Embedded Clip
          Linking to a SMIL Presentation
    Using Ramgen for Clips on RealServer
       Linking Your Web Page to RealServer Using Ramgen
       Listing Alternative Presentations with Ramgen
       Combining Ramgen Options
    Limitations on Web Server Playback
       No SureStream Clips Encoded for Multiple Bandwidths
       No Secure RealAudio and RealVideo Clips
       Limited Ability to Keep Parallel Clips Synchronized
       No Way to Set Image Streaming Speeds
       RealPix Presentations Require Clip Size Information
       SMIL File Optional
       SMIL Internal Timing Commands Do Not Work
       No Presentation Seeking
       No RTSP URLs
       No Live Broadcasting
    Testing Your Presentation
    Advertising on RealGuide
    Using RealNetworks Logos

A Basic Questions
    Creating Streaming Clips
    Getting Production Tools
    Using SureStream
    Writing SMIL Files
    Streaming Clips
    Advertising
    Broadcasting
    Getting Technical Support

B Production Tasks
    Basic SMIL Issues
    Clips and URLs
    Colors and Transparency
    Layouts
    Basic Timing and Groups
    Advanced Timing
    Hyperlinks
    Special Effects
    Advanced Streaming
    Web Page Embedding

C SMIL Tag Reference
 <smil>...</smil>
 Header Tags
 <meta/>
 <layout>...</layout>
 <root-layout/>
 <topLayout>...</topLayout>
 <region/>
 <regPoint/>
 <transition/>
 Clip Source Tags
 <prefetch/>
 Group Tags
 <seq>...</seq>
 <par>...</par>
 <excl>...</excl>
 <priorityClass>...</priorityClass>
 <switch>...</switch>
 Test Attributes
 Hyperlink Tags
 <a>...</a>
 <area/>
 Animation Tags
 <animate/>
 <animateColor/>
 <animateMotion/>
 <set/>

D SMIL Color Values
    Specifying RGB Color Values
       Using Standard RGB Color Values
       Specifying RGB Percentages
    Defining Hexadecimal Color Values
       Using Six-Digit Hexadecimal Values
       Defining a Three-Digit Hexadecimal Value
    Using Color Names
    Tips for Defining Color Values

E RealText Tag Reference
    Window Tag Attributes
    Time and Position Tags
    Layout and Appearance Tags
    Font Tag Attributes
    Hyperlinking Commands

F File Type Reference

G Language Codes

Glossary

	RealSystem iQ Production Guide
\| Index \| \| Contents \| \| Glossary \|
\| Help Page \| \| Copyright \|
\| Sample Files \|
\| Clip Alignment \|
\| About This Document \|
\| Javascript Version \|